ABSTRACT
La PTI es una alteración hemorrágica de instalación súbdita, adquirida, que se manifiesta inicialmente con petequias, equimosis o hematomas en piel y mucosas, sangrado nasal y gingival, sin causa aparente. La mucosa bucal puede ser el sitio donde las lesiones se observen con frecuencia y por primera vez. Se reporta el caso de un paciente masculino de 28 años de edad, con manifestaciones clínicas de un cuadro purpúrico, se describen signos, síntomas, terapéutica y manejo estomatológico (AU)
PTI is a hemorrhagic alteration of sudden installation, acquired, which manifests initially with petechiae, esquimosis or bruises on skin and mucosae, nasal and gingival bleeding without apparent cause. Bucal mucosae can be the site where lesions are observed with frequency, and for the first time. The case of a male patient with 28 years of age with clinical manifestationsofpurpuric syndrome is reported, signs, symptoms, therapeutic and stomatological handling are described (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Gingival Hemorrhage , Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic , Mouth Mucosa/injuries , Signs and Symptoms , Immunoglobulins , Ecchymosis , Rituximab , GlucocorticoidsABSTRACT
Abstract Arsenic contamination in the environment and groundwater is a major global public health problem. Several researchers suggest that the toxicity of arsenic could be related to oral cancer development, usually resulting from potentially malignant lesions. During pathological processes, salivary proteins suffer modifications, which could lead to the discovery of new biomarkers. Objective To analyze the protein profile in human saliva samples from a rural population exposed to high levels of arsenic in drinking water and its association with potentially malignant lesions. Methodology This observational, analytic and cross-sectional design included 121 patients from the state of Graneros (Tucumán, Argentina). Arsenic concentration in drinking water was determined and, according to the values obtained, individuals were divided into 2 groups: exposed group and non-exposed group. Saliva samples were obtained, and total protein concentration was measured by Bradford method. Finally, Laemmli SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was conducted to obtain the protein profile. Results Total protein concentration in saliva was lower in the exposed group than in the non-exposed group. Average areas of 20 and 42 KDa bands were significantly lower in exposed group than non-exposed group. Conclusion Chronic intake of high arsenic concentrations in drinking water produces changes in the salivary protein profile, which is associated with the presence of potentially malignant lesions.
Subject(s)
Humans , Arsenic/analysis , Arsenic/toxicity , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity , Drinking Water/analysis , Argentina , Rural Population , Salivary Proteins and Peptides , Pilot Projects , Environmental Monitoring , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
El adenocarcinoma de células basales, también conocido como carcinoma salival basaloide, adenoma maligno de células basales, es una neoplasia epitelial de bajo grado, infiltrante, localmente destructivo y con tendencia a ser recidivante. Su aparición es entre la 5ª y 6ª década de vida, sin predilección por sexo. Clínicamente se manifiesta con un edema o un aumento repentino de tamaño en la zona, de consistencia firme, crecimiento lento e indoloro. El diagnóstico de certeza es a través de la histopatología; su tratamiento quirúrgico, y tiene buen pronóstico en sus estadios iniciales (AU)
Basal cells adenocarcinoma also known as salivary basaloide carcinoma basal cells malignant adenoma is a low degree, infiltrating, locally destructive and prone to be relapsing, epithelial neoplasia. It occurs between the 5th and 6th decade of life, with no predilection for sex. Clinically it manifests with an edema or sudden increased size in the area, of firm consistency, slow growth and pain-less. Its treatment is surgical and the diagnosis of certainty is histopathological with a good prognosis. The purpose of this presentation is to show the case of a 57- years-old male patient with clinical and anatomopathological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of basal cells located in the yugal mucosa (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mouth Neoplasms/classification , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Basal Cell , Prognosis , Biopsy/methods , Oral Surgical Procedures/methods , Diagnosis, Differential , Age and Sex Distribution , Mouth Mucosa/injuries , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/prevention & controlABSTRACT
El Cáncer Oral ocupa el sexto lugar entre los distintos tipos, y el 90% corresponde al Carcinoma de células escamosas de cavidad oral. Esta patología tiene una distribución mundial desigual. En Latinoamérica las incidencias más altas se reportan en Argentina, Sur de Brasil y Uruguay. La localización del tumor, el estadio clínico en que es diagnosticado, el tipo de tratamiento, entre otras variables, influyen en la supervivencia de los pacientes. Los distintos autores indican que en un alto porcentaje son diagnosticados en estadios avanzados lo que conlleva a una reducción evidente de la posibilidad de subsistir. Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente sexo masculino de 75 años de edad que consulta por lesión tumoral en encía con 60 días de evolución. Se describen manifestaciones clínicas, radiológicas e histopatológicas. Se concluye en la necesidad de la detección y manejo oportuno por parte de odontólogos y médicos de ésta nosología (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Gingival Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Diagnosis, Differential , Argentina , Schools, Dental , Biopsy , Gingival Neoplasms/drug therapy , Diagnostic Imaging , Risk Factors , Combined Modality TherapyABSTRACT
La fibromatosis gingival es una enfermedad rara que se caracteriza por aumento del tejido gingival por proliferación fibrosa, es de crecimiento lento, cubriendo en algunos casos la totalidad de los dientes comprometidos. Esta nosología comprende un grupo heterogéneo de patologías de causas no determinadas. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un caso clínico de una paciente de 13 años con FGI Unilateral, su diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento durante cuatro años. Presenta al examen clínico intraoral, agrandamiento anormal de su encía tanto superior como inferior, afectando solamente los hemiarcos del sector izquierdo. A la palpación es indolora y de consistencia fibrosa. No se encontraron factores locales que justifiquen dicho aumento. El examen físico elimina la posibilidad de otras patologías asociadas, no refiriendo recibir medicaciones inmunosupresivas, antiepilépticos o antihipertensivas. No tiene antecedentes familiares. La paciente fue sometida a extirpación quirúrgica del tejido hiperplasiado y el material obtenido enviado a estudio histopatológico. Después del tratamiento quirúrgico y una buena higiene oral con exámenes de control efectuados durante cuatro años no se observó recurrencia. A pesar de ser una patología poco frecuente el odontólogo debe conocer la fisiopatología y comprender que el manejo de ésta enfermedad es a través de un equipo multidisciplinario. El diagnóstico precoz y el tratamiento oportuno logran la recuperación psicológica, estética y funcional de los pacientes.
Gingival fibromatosis is a rare disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the gingiva caused by an increase in submucosal connective tissue. The enlargement may potentially cover the exposed tooth surfaces. Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis (IGF) is a heterogeneous group of disorders with no definite cause. The aim of this study is to present a 13-year-old female patient with unusual clinical forms of Unilateral FGI with a complete analysis of the features of the clinical diagnosis, treatment and follow-up for four years. Intraoral examination revealed severe gingival overgrowth involving both the upper arch and the lower arch, affecting on the left side. The right side of the mouth was unaffected. There was no significant pain. The lesion was diffuse, firm and fibrotic. Her medical and family history was also non-contributory. The patient was not receiving any antiepileptic, antihypertensive, or immunosuppressive medications that could contribute to the gingival enlargement. Histopathological examination showed hyperparakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium, presence of a thickened acanthotic epithelium and focal hyperplasia. Underlying connective tissue stroma was collagenous with numerous lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. Unusual findings include the presence of calcified particles. Bevel gingivectomy was taken to remove gingival overgrowth. This case is thus a rare and atypical presentation of gingival fibromatosis. The patient was advised to maintain good oral hygiene to minimize the effect of inflammation on fibroblasts. In our case, even after four years of follow-up, no recurrence of gingival overgrowth was observed. Unilateral IGF is a relatively rare condition with poorly understood etiopathogenesis and recurrence rates. The cases should be treated with a multidisciplinary management. Treatment appreciably improved the patient's psychological, aesthetics and masticatory competence.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Fibromatosis, Gingival/diagnosis , Gingivectomy , Gingivoplasty , Radiography, Panoramic , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Fibromatosis, Gingival/surgery , MalocclusionABSTRACT
Histoplasmosis is an endemic deep mycosis produced by Histoplasma capsulatum, a dimorphic fungus. It penetrates into the organism by inhalation and spreads by lymphatic or hematic route. We report a 57-year-old immunocompetent male presenting with an enlargement of the tongue that also exhibited white pseudomembranes. There were also nodular lesions in the dorsum of the tongue, separated by deep grooves. The pathological study revealed a chronic infammatory process with granulomas. The microbiological examination with the Giemsa technique showed multiple yeasts of 4-5 mm of diameter with a clear halo inside macrophages and epithelial cells, compatible with the parasitic phase of Histoplasma capsulatum. Serology was positive for the histoplasmine antigen. The patient was treated with Itraconazole 200 mg/day, experiencing 40 percent remission of lesions during the frst month of treatment.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Histoplasmosis/complications , Macroglossia/microbiology , Argentina , Histoplasma , Histoplasmosis/pathology , Macroglossia/pathologyABSTRACT
Los bisfosfonatos son usados en el tratamiento de pacientes donde es necesario disminuir la reabsorción ósea, principalmente osteoporosis, mieloma múltiple y en metástasis óseas de tumores sólidos, como cáncer de pulmón, mama y próstata. Pero con el advenimiento de los de alto poder, como el zoledronato, pamidronato, administrados por vía endovenosa, aparecen las complicaciones secundarias. En el año 2003 se publicó el primer caso de osteonecrosis de los huesos maxilares (ONM). Desde entonces, se reportaron numerosos casos de pacientes con ONM, que habían recibido tratamientos con bifosfonatos. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar dos casos clínicos de pacientes medicados con BF que presentaron ONM posterior a una extracción dental.
Bifosfonates are used in the patientss treatment where it is necessary to diminish the bony reabsorption, mainly osteoporosis, multiple myeloma and in bone metastasis of solid tumors as lung, breast and prostate cancer. However secondary complications appear withthe incoming of zoledronate and pamidronate, of high power, administered by intravenous way. In 2003 it was published the first case of osteonecrosis of maxillary bones (ONM). Since then there were reported numerous cases of patients with ONM that had received treatments with bifosfonates. The aim of this work was to present two clinical cases of patients treated with BF that showed ONM posterior to a dental extraction.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Diphosphonates/adverse effects , Jaw Diseases/classification , Jaw Diseases/chemically induced , Osteonecrosis/complications , Osteonecrosis/etiology , Osteonecrosis/chemically induced , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Osteonecrosis , Tamoxifen/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Los neurilemomas o shwannomas son tumores neurogénicos benignos con origen en la vaina neural. Aproximadamente un 25 a 45 por cinto ocurren en cabeza y cuello y sóloun 1 por ciento tiene origen intraoral, siendo frecuentes en la superficie dorsal de la lengua y en menor grado en paladar, piso de boca, encías, labios y mandíbulas. Suele presentarse entre la tercera y cuarta década de vida, con igual frecuencia entre hombres y mujeres. Es un tumor claramente circunscripto, de tamaño pequeño, de crecimiento lento y gradual. El examen microscópico es necesario para el diagnóstico. El tratamiento de elección es la eliminación quirúrgica completa y después de ésta es rara su recurrencia. Se presenta un caso de schwannoma de rara localización, además de abordar las posibilidades diagnósticas y de tratamiento.